Statistics How To

Markov Chain Monte Carlo > The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is a popular statistical sampling method used in statistics and data science. It is a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm, meaning that it uses random samples from a probability distribution to estimate parameters. In this blog post, we will discuss what the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is, how … Read more

Probability Distributions > Beta-Binomial & Beta-Bernoulli Distribution A beta-binomial distribution is a mixture of a binomial and beta distribution, so you may find it helpful to read these articles first: Binomial Distribution. What is a Beta Distribution? What is the Beta-Binomial Distribution? The beta-binomial distribution is one of the simplest Bayesian models. It is widely … Read more

Descriptive Statistics > How to Make a Relative Frequency Histogram Contents (click to skip to that section): What is Relative Frequency? Making a Table Relative Frequency Histogram How to Make a Relative Frequency Histogram: Steps What is Relative Frequency? Relative frequency is how often something happens divided by all the possible outcomes. The relative frequency … Read more

Types of Variable > Qualitative Variable: What is it? A qualitative variable, also called a categorical variable, is a variable that isn’t numerical. It describes data that fits into categories. For example: Eye colors (variables include: blue, green, brown, hazel). States (variables include: Florida, New Jersey, Washington). Dog breeds (variables include: Alaskan Malamute, German Shepherd, … Read more

Probability and Statistics > Basic Statistics > 5 Number Summary in Excel How to find a 5 number summary in Excel A five number summary is a way to describe data. It is made up of five statistics: The median (the middle). The maximum value. The minimum value. Q1, the first quartile. Q3, the third … Read more

Statistics Definitions > Standardized Variables What are Standardized Variables? A standardized variable means something slightly different according to where you’re using it. Use in Probability and Statistics. Use in General Science (including biology). 1. Use in Probability and Statistics In statistics, standardized variables are variables that have been standardized to have a mean of 0 … Read more

Statistics Definitions > Midrange What is the Midrange? The midrange is a type of average, or mean. For example, “midrange” electronic gadgets are in the middle-price bracket: not cheap, but not expensive, either. The formula to find the midrange = (high + low) / 2. Example problem: Current cell phone prices in a mobile phone … Read more

Descriptive Statistics > Timeplot   Contents: What is a Timeplot? Timeplot in Minitab What is Smoothing? What is Seasonality? Filtering Time Series Transformation Related Articles 1. What is a Timeplot? A timeplot (sometimes called a time series graph) displays values against time. They are similar to Cartesian plane x-y graphs, but while an x-y graph … Read more

Statistics Definitions in Plain English with Examples > In this blog post, we will be discussing rational numbers and irrational numbers to better understand their properties and how they differ from one another. Rational Numbers Explained Rational numbers are defined as any number that can be expressed in the form of a ratio (e.g., P/Q … Read more

Probability > Probability is a key concept in mathematics that is used to measure the likelihood of an event occurring. Over the years, many interpretations of probability have emerged to explain how it works and why it is so important for decision-making. In this blog post, we will explore five leading interpretations of probability—classical, logical, … Read more