Likert Scale Definition and Examples

Statistics Definitions > What is the Likert Scale? A Likert Scale is a type of rating scale used to measure attitudes or opinions. With this scale, respondents are asked to rate items on a level of agreement. For example: Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree Five to seven items are usually used in the … Read more

Statistics Basics

When you first start a statistics class, you’ll be presented with the basics. Some of the terms, like bar graphs and line graphs, you’ll probably be familiar with from grade school math classes. Other terms, (like interquartile range) might be new to you. This site has a comprehensive range of articles covering statistics basics. Most … Read more

Brown-Forsythe Test: Definition

Homoscedasticity > What is the Brown-Forsythe Test? The Brown-Forsythe (B-F) Test is for testing the assumption of equal variances in ANOVA. It is a modification of the Levene Test. How the Test Works Both the Levene and B-F tests transform dependent variables for use in an ANOVA test. The only difference between the two tests … Read more

Construct Validity: Simple Definition, Statistics Used

Statistics Definitions > Construct Validity What is a Construct? When you’re talking about a construct in relation to testing and construct validity, it has nothing to do with the way a test is designed or constructed. A construct is something that happens in the brain, like a skill, level of emotion, ability or proficiency. For … Read more

Bartlett’s Test: Definition and Examples

Homogeneity of Variances > Bartlett’s Test What is Bartlett’s Test? There are actually two tests called Bartlett’s. The first part of this article is for Bartlett’s test for homogeneity of variances. If you’re looking for Bartlett’s test for sphericity (testing that the correlation matrix has an identity matrix), skip to the bottom section. Bartlett’s test … Read more

PPMC Critical Values

Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC) Coefficient Table of Critical Values References Beyer, W. (2017). Handbook of Tables for Probability and Statistics 2nd Edition. CRC Press.

Tables

Probability and Statistics > Tables Binomial Distribution Table This binomial distribution table has the most common cumulative probabilities listed for n. Chi-Squared Table The chi squared table is used in hypothesis testing. It helps you to decide whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis. The chi squared table you will find here has the … Read more